spectral-norm First, here are half-a-dozen naive un-optimised single-thread #8 programs transliterated line-by-line literal style into different programming languages from the same original — source secs mem gz C gcc #8 5.41 3,219 389 Java #8 5.47 62,308 453 Node.js #8 6.53 66,380 355 PHP #8 135.79 16,601 357 Ruby #8 175.57 19,132 294 Python 3 #8 6 min 12,833 334 Here are the crowd sourced programs — × source secs mem gz cpu secs 1.0 Rust #4 0.72 4,047 823 2.85 1.0 Intel Fortran #3 0.72 5,214 644 2.85 1.1 Chapel #2 0.79 9,916 348 2.90 1.8 Julia #4 1.30 315,802 435 3.71 2.0 C gcc #3 1.43 4,080 470 5.69 2.0 Go #4 1.43 4,174 555 5.69 2.0 Swift #3 1.45 13,705 607 5.70 2.0 Free Pascal #3 1.46 3,879 656 5.72 2.0 Free Pascal #2 1.46 3,793 548 5.72 2.0 Java naot #3 1.47 29,483 762 5.72 2.0 C# naot #2 1.47 6,644 1084 5.72 2.0 Java naot #2 1.47 26,616 956 5.71 2.0 Lisp SBCL #3 1.47 29,598 893 5.72 2.1 Lisp SBCL #7 1.47 29,258 769 5.72 2.1 Dart aot #6 1.47 18,973 1202 5.71 2.1 Lisp SBCL #2 1.48 29,274 920 5.72 2.1 C# naot #3 1.48 6,808 890 5.79 2.1 Lisp SBCL #9 1.48 28,799 799 5.72 2.1 Ada 2012 GNAT #3 1.49 8,475 1725 5.72 2.1 Haskell GHC #4 1.50 10,088 994 5.71 2.1 Chapel 1.50 10,109 322 5.77 2.1 Go #2 1.51 4,317 674 5.70 2.1 C++g++ #7 1.53 4,071 1284 6.05 2.2 F# #2 1.59 44,683 864 5.83 2.2 F# #4 1.60 46,375 738 5.86 2.2 Node.js #6 1.61 114,618 1002 6.03 3.7 Intel Fortran #2 2.67 2,331 520 2.67 3.9 Julia #2 2.83 414,999 377 5.75 4.6 Dart aot #2 3.31 27,660 1173 12.62 7.4 OCaml #2 5.34 6,074 383 5.33 7.4 Go 5.34 4,059 417 5.35 7.4 Go #8 5.34 3,838 429 5.35 7.4 C++ g++ 5.34 5,292 459 5.34 7.4 Dart aot 5.34 8,946 468 5.34 7.4 Ada 2012 GNAT 5.35 6,091 725 5.34 7.4 C# naot #8 5.35 6,820 441 5.34 7.4 Java naot #8 5.35 20,886 453 5.34 7.4 Java naot 5.36 25,215 521 5.35 7.5 Swift #8 5.36 24,936 411 5.35 7.5 Lisp SBCL #6 5.36 29,557 512 5.35 7.5 Lisp SBCL 5.37 29,782 639 5.35 7.5 Node.js #7 5.40 65,417 420 5.40 7.5 C gcc #8 5.41 3,219 389 5.40 7.5 Node.js 5.41 66,429 326 5.41 9.1 Node.js #8 6.53 66,380 355 6.53 15 Dart aot #8 10.88 9,560 422 10.87 15 Erlang #2 11.05 76,771 753 42.67 16 Free Pascal 11.81 532 429 11.80 25 PHP 18.29 24,682 1157 72.34 35 Perl #4 24.85 14,885 562 98.03 41 Racket 29.73 129,208 452 29.68 50 PHP #3 35.62 26,657 1214 141.20 74 Pharo Smalltalk 53.39 142,340 683 53.68 79 Ruby #5 56.52 43,725 764 207.29 89 Erlang 63.91 68,399 513 63.93 110 Lua 78.75 3,686 335 78.73 126 Python 3 #4 90.37 34,693 415 5 min 134 Perl 96.09 10,101 340 96.05 134 Perl #5 96.18 10,162 346 96.15 153 Python 3 #7 109.91 34,578 425 7 min 175 Ruby #4 126.05 20,025 333 125.99 182 Perl #3 130.52 14,729 857 8 min 185 PHP #2 132.84 16,810 403 132.78 189 PHP #8 135.79 16,601 357 135.74 244 Ruby #8 175.57 19,132 294 175.51 486 Python 3 #6 5 min 13,660 334 5 min 537 Python 3 #8 6 min 12,833 334 6 min 714 Perl #2 8 min 9,581 350 8 min C gcc #2 Empty Rust #7 Empty * possible hand-written vector instructions or "unsafe" × source secs mem gz cpu secs 0.6 * C gcc #6 0.40 3,199 1203 1.59 1.0 * C gcc #5 0.72 3,858 576 2.85 1.0 * Rust #6 0.72 3,981 1132 2.85 1.0 * C gcc #7 0.72 4,067 906 2.85 1.0 * Rust #5 0.72 4,018 1062 2.85 1.0 * C gcc #4 0.72 3,719 1145 2.86 1.0 * Rust 0.72 4,104 1262 2.86 1.0 * Rust #2 0.72 4,145 1117 2.86 1.0 * C++ g++ #6 0.72 3,981 1050 2.86 1.0 * C# naot #5 0.74 8,057 776 2.88 1.0 * Rust #3 0.74 4,121 1060 2.93 1.1 * Ada 2012 GNAT #4 0.77 8,569 2777 2.98 1.3 * F# #6 0.95 47,010 697 3.31 1.9 * C++ g++ #5 1.33 5,820 1050 5.27 5.5 * Racket #3 3.97 128,840 639 14.86 21 * Racket #2 15.19 126,857 539 15.14 22 * Haskell GHC #2 15.62 12,702 410 15.72 by secs by mem by gz by cpu secs