The Computer Language
24.11 Benchmarks Game

k-nucleotide Java GraalVM program

source code

/* The Computer Language Benchmarks Game
 https://salsa.debian.org/benchmarksgame-team/benchmarksgame/
 
 contributed by James McIlree
 modified by Tagir Valeev
 */

import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.longs.Long2IntOpenHashMap;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.AbstractMap.SimpleEntry;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

public class knucleotide {
    static final byte[] codes = { -1, 0, -1, 1, 3, -1, -1, 2 };
    static final char[] nucleotides = { 'A', 'C', 'G', 'T' };

    static class Result {
        Long2IntOpenHashMap map = new Long2IntOpenHashMap();
        int keyLength;
    
        public Result(int keyLength) {
            this.keyLength = keyLength;
        }
    }

    static ArrayList<Callable<Result>> createFragmentTasks(final byte[] sequence,
            int[] fragmentLengths) {
        ArrayList<Callable<Result>> tasks = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int fragmentLength : fragmentLengths) {
            for (int index = 0; index < fragmentLength; index++) {
                int offset = index;
                tasks.add(() -> createFragmentMap(sequence, offset, fragmentLength));
            }
        }
        return tasks;
    }

    static Result createFragmentMap(byte[] sequence, int offset, int fragmentLength) {
        Result res = new Result(fragmentLength);
        Long2IntOpenHashMap map = res.map;
        int lastIndex = sequence.length - fragmentLength + 1;
        for (int index = offset; index < lastIndex; index += fragmentLength) {
            map.addTo(getKey(sequence, index, fragmentLength), 1);
        }

        return res;
    }

    static Result sumTwoMaps(Result map1, Result map2) {
        map2.map.forEach((key, value) -> map1.map.addTo(key, value));
        return map1;
    }

    static String writeFrequencies(float totalCount, Result frequencies) {
        List<Entry<String, Integer>> freq = new ArrayList<>(frequencies.map.size());
        frequencies.map.forEach((key, cnt) -> freq.add(new SimpleEntry<>(keyToString(key,
                frequencies.keyLength), cnt)));
        freq.sort(Map.Entry.comparingByValue(Comparator.reverseOrder()));
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (Entry<String, Integer> entry : freq) {
            sb.append(String.format(Locale.ENGLISH, "%s %.3f\n", entry.getKey(),
                    entry.getValue() * 100.0f / totalCount));
        }
        return sb.append('\n').toString();
    }

    static String writeCount(List<Future<Result>> futures, String nucleotideFragment)
            throws Exception {
        byte[] key = toCodes(nucleotideFragment.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1),
                nucleotideFragment.length());
        long k = getKey(key, 0, nucleotideFragment.length());
        int count = 0;
        for (Future<Result> future : futures) {
            Result f = future.get();
            if (f.keyLength == nucleotideFragment.length()) {
                count += f.map.get(k);
            }
        }

        return count + "\t" + nucleotideFragment + '\n';
    }

    /**
     * Convert long key to the nucleotides string
     */
    static String keyToString(long key, int length) {
        char[] res = new char[length];
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            res[length - i - 1] = nucleotides[(int) (key & 0x3)];
            key >>= 2;
        }
        return new String(res);
    }

    /**
     * Get the long key for given byte array of codes at given offset and length
     * (length must be less than 32)
     */
    static long getKey(byte[] arr, int offset, int length) {
        long key = 0;
        for (int i = offset; i < offset + length; i++) {
            key = key * 4 + arr[i];
        }
        return key;
    }

    /**
     * Convert given byte array (limiting to given length) containing acgtACGT
     * to codes (0 = A, 1 = C, 2 = G, 3 = T) and returns new array
     */
    static byte[] toCodes(byte[] sequence, int length) {
        byte[] result = new byte[length];
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            result[i] = codes[sequence[i] & 0x7];
        }
        return result;
    }

    static byte[] read(InputStream is) throws IOException {
        String line;
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,
                StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1));
        while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
            if (line.startsWith(">THREE"))
                break;
        }
    
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1048576];
        int position = 0;
        while ((line = in.readLine()) != null && line.charAt(0) != '>') {
            if (line.length() + position > bytes.length) {
                byte[] newBytes = new byte[bytes.length * 2];
                System.arraycopy(bytes, 0, newBytes, 0, position);
                bytes = newBytes;
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < line.length(); i++)
                bytes[position++] = (byte) line.charAt(i);
        }
    
        return toCodes(bytes, position);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        byte[] sequence = read(System.in);

        ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(Runtime.getRuntime()
                .availableProcessors());
        int[] fragmentLengths = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 18 };
        List<Future<Result>> futures = pool.invokeAll(createFragmentTasks(sequence,
                fragmentLengths));
        pool.shutdown();

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        sb.append(writeFrequencies(sequence.length, futures.get(0).get()));
        sb.append(writeFrequencies(sequence.length - 1,
                sumTwoMaps(futures.get(1).get(), futures.get(2).get())));

        String[] nucleotideFragments = { "GGT", "GGTA", "GGTATT", "GGTATTTTAATT",
                "GGTATTTTAATTTATAGT" };
        for (String nucleotideFragment : nucleotideFragments) {
            sb.append(writeCount(futures, nucleotideFragment));
        }

        System.out.print(sb);
    }
}
    

notes, command-line, and program output

NOTES:
64-bit Ubuntu quad core
openjdk 23 2024-09-17
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM
OpenJDK GraalVM CE
(build 23+37-jvmci-b01, 
mixed mode, sharing)


 Fri, 20 Sep 2024 19:45:48 GMT

MAKE:
mv knucleotide.graalvm knucleotide.java
/opt/src/graalvm-jdk-23/bin/javac -d . -cp .:/opt/src/java-libs/fastutil-8.3.1.jar  knucleotide.java

2.34s to complete and log all make actions

COMMAND LINE:
 /opt/src/graalvm-jdk-23/bin/java  -cp .:/opt/src/java-libs/fastutil-8.3.1.jar knucleotide 0 < knucleotide-input25000000.txt

PROGRAM OUTPUT:
A 30.295
T 30.151
C 19.800
G 19.754

AA 9.177
TA 9.132
AT 9.131
TT 9.091
CA 6.002
AC 6.001
AG 5.987
GA 5.984
CT 5.971
TC 5.971
GT 5.957
TG 5.956
CC 3.917
GC 3.911
CG 3.909
GG 3.902

1471758	GGT
446535	GGTA
47336	GGTATT
893	GGTATTTTAATT
893	GGTATTTTAATTTATAGT